A good PostgreSQL schema does more than store data. It protects important rules, makes common queries efficient, and gives the application a stable foundation as requirements grow. Model the domain before the tables Start with the real concepts and their relationships. In a library reservation system, users make reservations, libraries contain seats, and every reservation…
Category: Coding
Java 17 Features That Make Backend Code Cleaner
Java 17 is a long-term-support release and a strong choice for modern backend development. Its value is not only performance or support lifetime. Several language features can make everyday application code shorter and clearer. Records for simple data carriers Records are useful for immutable request and response objects. Instead of writing fields, constructors, accessors, equals,…
What Is an API and How Does It Work?
Every time we use a modern app, website, or digital service, there is a good chance an API is working quietly in the background. APIs are one of the main reasons our digital world feels connected. They allow different software systems to communicate with each other, exchange data, and perform tasks without the user needing…
Backend Development Explained: Everything You Need to Know
Backend development is the part of software development that users do not usually see, but it is the part that makes modern websites and applications actually work. When someone opens a website, logs in to an account, sends a message, buys a product, uploads a file, or checks a dashboard, there is a backend system…
Preventing Double Booking in a Reservation System
Double booking is one of the most important problems in any reservation system. Two users may see the same seat as available and submit their requests almost at the same time. A simple availability check is not enough when requests run concurrently. Why the basic check fails Imagine that request A checks seat 12 and…
How to Structure a Clean Spring Boot REST API
A Spring Boot REST API can become difficult to maintain when controllers, business rules, and database operations are mixed together. A simple layered structure keeps the code easier to test, extend, and understand. Start with clear responsibilities The controller should handle HTTP concerns: reading the request, validating input, selecting the correct status code, and returning…
Fun with Python – Ping Pong
Creating a ping pong (or “Pong”) game in Python typically involves using the Pygame library, which provides functionalities for creating games and multimedia applications. Below is a simple implementation of a Pong game using Pygame. First, make sure you have Pygame installed. If not, you can install it using pip: Now, you can use the…
Fun with Python – River Raid
Creating a simple “River Raid” game in Python is an interesting and complex task, especially given the original game’s combination of shooting, obstacles, and moving environment. Below, I’ll outline the main components and provide a simplified implementation using the Pygame library. Step-by-Step Plan Here’s a simple implementation in Python using Pygame: Prerequisites Ensure you have…